正 间

　　建筑物（房屋）正中之一间。

　　间是建筑平面上的最低单位，建筑物的大小就以间的大小和多寡而定。

　　正间是建筑的主间或中心间，也称明间。通常位于建筑的正中位置，是建筑的核心部分。例如：普通民房三间，居中开门的一间叫做正间。（详见示意图）

　　正间（明间）：房屋正中之一间。（此注释出自《营造法原》）

次 间

　　建筑物（房屋）正间的左、右两旁之间，再向左、右延伸为再次间。

　　传统建筑的开间数量通常为奇数，如三间、五间、七间或九间，中间为正间，两侧为次间。一般比正间略小。（详见示意图）

　　次间：房屋正间两旁之间。（此注释出自《营造法原》）

边 间

　　建筑物（房屋）两端之间（特指硬山屋顶建筑）。

　　边间是江南地区对房屋面阔方向最边缘开间的称谓，与北方建筑的“尽间”含义相同 。这一术语源自《营造法式》，专指建筑平面中左右两侧最靠外的开间。

　　三间建筑时两侧房间既可称“次间”也可称“边间”。（详见示意图）

示意图

Main Bay (Zhengjian)

The main bay refers to the bay located at the center of a building (or house).

A bay is the smallest unit on the building plan, and the overall size of a building is determined by both the size and the number of bays.

It serves as the principal or central bay of the building and is also called the central bay (Mingjian). It is usually located at the exact center of the building and represents its core.

Example: In a typical three-bay residential house, the central bay with the main entrance is called the main bay. (See schematic)

Main Bay (Central Bay / Mingjian): the bay at the center of a house. (This definition is cited from the Yingzao Fayuan, “The Treatise on Architectural Methods.”)

Secondary Bay (Cijian)

The secondary bay refers to the bays located immediately to the left and right of the main bay, and those extending further to the left or right are considered further secondary bays.

In traditional architecture, the number of bays is usually an odd number, such as three, five, seven, or nine. The central bay is the main bay, while the bays on either side are secondary bays. These are generally slightly smaller than the main bay. (See schematic)

Secondary Bay (Cijian): the bays adjacent to the main bay on either side.(This definition is cited from the Yingzao Fayuan, “The Treatise on Architectural Methods.”)

Edge Bay(Bianjian)

The bay located at either end of a building (specifically in yingshan roof structures).

The term edge bay is used in the Jiangnan region to denote the outermost bay along the façade width of a house, and it carries the same meaning as the term jinjian (end bay) in northern Chinese architecture. This terminology originates from the Yingzao Fashi and refers specifically to the bays located on the far left and right sides of a building’s floor plan.

In a three-bay building, the two side rooms may be referred to either as side bays or as edge bays.(See schematic)

编制单位
苏州香山工坊建设投资发展有限公司

编写人
冯清飏｜朱留兴｜黄峥昊｜潘湧｜周海波｜朱一青｜王佳函

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